Evaluación de la fertilidad y eclosión en la codorniz japonesa

With the aim to study the effect of some non genetic factors on fertility and hatchability of quails ( Coturnix Coturnix japonica ) under two different reproduction systems (modalities of matching), three analyses of variance were realized assuming a binomial distribution of the data. There were used 2613 records for fertility (FE), 2178 for total hatchability (TH), and 1413 for fertile hatchability (FH) from a group of experimental quails. The effects of month of lay, generation, and type of matching were included for FE and for TH and FH were added egg weight, eggshell color and sheen. Water and food were offered ad libitum. The relation male: female was 1:3. Two modalities of reproduction were studied: rotary (rotating the male) and continuous (permanent presence of the male). Fertility, TH and FH averages were 78.7, 25.8, and 42.3%, respectively. The month of higher (P<0.01) fertility was March (91.1%), whereas November had the lowest (51.7%). The higher TH and FH (P<0.01) was in August (42.6 and 65.7%) and the lower TH and FH were observed in April (12.5 and 17.9%). There was higher fertility (P<0.01, 86.2%) in the eggs from continuous reproduction system. Eggs with higher TH (P<0.01) were those of brilliant eggshell (43.9%), dark color eggshell (48.0%) and intermediate weight (10.1 to 11.0 g; 44.0%). It can be concluded that the eggs of dark color, brilliant eggshell, and intermediate weight laid in the rainy months had better properties for the process of incubation. Likewise, in farms where the rotary matching is not necessary, it is advisable to use the continuous reproduction system.Con el objetivo de estudiar el efecto de algunos factores no genéticos sobre la fertilidad y eclosión de huevos de codornices ( Coturnix Coturnix japonica ) sometidas a diferentes modalidades de apareamiento, se realizaron tres análisis de varianza asumiendo una distribución binomial de los datos. Se utilizaron 2.613 registros para fertilidad (FER), 2.178 para eclosión de huevos totales (EHT) y 1.403 para eclosión de huevos fértiles (EHF) provenientes de codornices experimentales. Se incluyeron los efectos mes de postura, generación y tipo de apareamiento para FER y para EHT y EHF se adicionaron el peso del huevo, color y brillo de la cáscara. Se ofreció agua y alimento ad libitum. La relación macho: hembra fue 1:3. El sistema de reproducción comprendió dos modalidades: rotativo y continuo. Se encontraron promedios de 78,7 25,8 y 42,3% para FER, EHT y EHF, respectivamente. El mes de mayor (P<0,01) fertilidad fue marzo (91,1%), mientras que el menor mes fue noviembre (51,7%). La mayor eclosión (P<0,01) ocurrió en agosto (42,6 y 65,7%) y la menor se observó en abril (12,5 y 17,9%) para EHT y EHF, respectivamente. Hubo mayor fertilidad (P<0,01 86,2%) en los huevos provenientes de apareamientos continuos. Los huevos que presentaron mayor porcentaje de eclosión (P