Chemsheet as a simulation platform for pyrometallurgical processes

ChemSheet is a thermodynamic multi-phase multi-component simulation software, which is used as an Add-in in Microsoft Excel. In ChemSheet, the unique Constrained Gibbs free energy method can be used to include dynamic constraints and reaction rates of kinetically slow reactions, yet retaining full consistency of the multiphase thermodynamic model. With appropriate data, ChemSheet models can be used to simulate reactors and processes in all fields of thermochemistry. The presentation will cover off-line modeling of Cu-flash smelters and advanced thermochemical simulation coupled with on-line process control of Cu-Ni smelting. The presentation will describe an off-line model of Cu-smelter based on critically assessed properties of the Al-Ca-Cu-Fe-O-S-Si- system (slag, matte and liquid metal) by using the quasichemical model. A four-stage reactor model (shaft, settler, uptake and bath) is used for optimizing process parameters and feed particle distribution. As a second example, an advanced thermochemical model of a Ni-Cu sulphide smelting plant will be given. The on-line model covers the operation of treating Ni-Cu-S concentrate via roasters, electric furnace and converters, producing a high grade Bessemer matte product for further refining. The model integrates the thermochemistry of the roasters and electric furnace, and predicts important process parameters such as degree of sulphur elimination in the fluid-bed roasters, matte grade, iron metallization, slag losses and the iron to silica ratio in the electric furnace slag. Both models can be used to assist process engineers and operators in calculating the addition rates of coke, flux and air for different feed scenario