Evaluation of the NDICEA model

Within the N-Toolbox project the NDICEA nitrogen model, one of the key tools in the virtual Toolbox, has been improved and tested in England, Denmark and Spain. The model performance was evaluated on datasets from these three countries by means of visual observation, RMSE and RSR from the soil nitrogen dynamics. In England the scenarios with organic fertilizer performed better than those with artificial fertilizer, leading to the suggestion that the calculated nitrogen release out of fertilizer could be improved. Timing of the soil sampling on soil inorganic nitrogen is important to realize a good model evaluation; two samples only, before sowing and after harvest, is not enough. When soil mineral nitrogen samples were taken during crop growth, model calculation and measured values showed sometimes big differences. It is suggested to improve the plant nitrogen uptake sub-model