Mesomorphism dependence on molecular rigidity

A novel ester homologous series of thermotropic Liquid Crystal (LC) has been studied with a view to understanding and establishing the relation between LC property and the molecular structure. The series consists of 11 members, the C₁–C₅ and C₁₆ members of the series are nonliquid crystals. LC properties commence from the C₆ homolog and continue up to the C₁₄ homolog as enantiotropic nematic and smectic in addition to nematic. Transition temperatures of the homologs were determined by an optical polarizing microscope equipped with a heating stage. Textures of nematic phase are threaded or Schlieren and that of smectic is focal conic of the type-A. Analytical and spectral data confirm the structures of homologs. Thermal stability for nematic is 93°C and 136°C, respectively. The N–I and Sm–N transition curves of phase diagram do not exhibit odd-even effect. The N–I transition curve partly behaves in an abnormal manner. The Cr–I and Sm–N transition curves behave in normal manner. The LC behavior of the present series is compared with structurally similar known homologous series