Effect of site preferences on structural and magnetic switching properties of CO–Zr doped strontium hexaferrite SrCo_xZr_xFe_(12-2x)O₁₉

The aim of this work is to investigate the correlation between the distribution of cations over five crystallographic sublattices and magnetic properties of Sr-hexaferrites in the coupled substitution of magnetic Co²⁺ and non-magnetic Zr⁴⁺ for Fe³⁺. During present work, we have synthesized a series of SrCo_xZr_xFe_(12-2x)O₁₉ ferrites (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) using sol–gel route at a much lower temperature of 800 °C. These compounds were characterized by TGA, FT-IR, XRD, EDS and TEM. XRD data reveal the formation of polycrystalline magnetoplubite structure for all the compounds of the series. The crystallite size of nanoparticles lies in the range of 30–55 nm. Mössbauer spectroscopy was employed to probe magnetic properties at microscopic level. Mössbauer analysis indicates that dopant ions largely prefer 12k, 4f₁ and 2b sites at x=0.2 and 0.4 levels whereas at higher concentrations substitution takes place at 12k and 4f₂ sites. Magnetic measurements reveal that the values of coercivity (H_C) reduced from 6082 (x=0) to 1104 Oe (x=1.0) but the net magnetization of the samples is not correlated with dopant level. The saturation magnetization (MS) values are in the range of 64.8–56.8 emu/g. Our results suggest that magnetization and magneto-crystalline anisotropy are closely related to the distribution of Co–Zr on the five sublattices of the crystal