Paenibacillus arachidis sp. nov., isolated from groundnut seeds

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated as strain E3<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from groundnut seeds. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> belongs to the genus Paenibacillus with P aenibacillus thailandensis S3-4A<SUP>T</SUP> (96.0 %), Paenibacillus xanthinilyticus 11N27<SUP>T</SUP> (95.7 %), Paenibacillus mendelii C/2<SUP>T</SUP> (95.7 %) and other members of the genus Paenibacillus (&#60;95.5 %) as its closest phylogenetic neighbours. The DNA G+C content of strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> was 53 mol%. Strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> was positive for gelatin hydrolysis, ammonification, catalase, chitinase production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, HCN production, siderophore production, biofilm formation, and urea and starch hydrolysis. Strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> had phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphotidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids as polar lipids. Strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> had diploptene, deplopterol and bacteriohopaneterol as major hopanoids. anteiso-C_{15 : 0} was the predominant cellular fatty acid with significant proportions of iso-C_{16 : 0}, C_{16 : 0}, C_{17 : 0}, anteiso-C_{17 : 0}, C_{18 : 1}&#969;9c and iso-C_{14 : 0}. Strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> had meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. On the basis of physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and molecular analysis, strain E3<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus arachidis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E3<SUP>T</SUP> (=KCTC 33574<SUP>T</SUP>=LMG 28417<SUP>T</SUP>)