Co-occurrence of superparamagnetism and anomalous hall effect in highly reduced cobalt-doped rutile TiO<SUB>2-δ</SUB> films
- Shinde, S. R.
- Ogale, S. B.
- Higgins, J. S.
- Zheng, H.
- Millis, A. J.
- Kulkarni, V. N.
- Ramesh, R.
- Greene, R. L.
- Venkatesan, T.
Publication date
April 2004
DOI Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)Abstract
We report a detailed magnetic and structural analysis of highly reduced Co doped rutile TiO2-δ films displaying an anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The temperature and field dependence of magnetization, and transmission electron microscopy, clearly establish the presence of nanosized superparamagnetic cobalt clusters of ~8-10 nm size in the films at the interface. The co-occurrence of superparamagnetism and AHE raises questions regarding the use of the AHE as a test of the intrinsic nature of ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors
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