Mathematical modeling of harmful algal blooms supported by experimental findings

In this paper non-toxic phytoplankton, toxin producing phytoplankton and zooplankton (NTP-TPP-Zooplankton) system is proposed and analyzed. It is assumed that the grazing pressure of zooplankton reduce due to presence of toxin producing phytoplankton. It is observed that TPP free steady state is unstable in nature and depicts bloom phenomena, whereas in the presence of TPP the system settles down to the positive state depicting stable phenomena and play a key role in bloom termination. The qualitative behaviour of the system is verified through our field observation and numerical simulation