Evaluating coastal flood risk adaptation in the context of climate change in Surabaya Indonesia

Increased population and urban growth have made converting open spaces (non-clmate factors) that can cause flooding as well as Surabaya has delta system of coastal morphology, high rainfall (climate factors) and it also has a characteristic of low land. In addition, adaptation that government done is not appropriate, because applied adaptation is mostly based on sudden-onset hazards. There are serious limitations in existing evaluations of climate change adaptation. So, this research tries to evaluate flood risk adaptation in Surabaya to get better understanding in term of successful adaptation measure. Mixed qualitative and quantitative method is used in this study. Sixteen sub-criteria were identified in literature review and had been cross checked with stakeholders. Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was used to measure the success of adaptation strategies after finding evaluation criteria by using Delphi Analysis. The data input for evaluation is from interview result of eight stakeholders that chosen by using purposive sampling. The results show there is no maladaptation in Surabaya coastal area because the evaluation value is close to the target. Moreover, the current adaptation measures are not successful yet although government spent more than 1,15 billion Rupiah for one adaptation. Problems include the fact that adaptation is still in an early stage of development and is not integrated with the planning systems. However, local people have enough awareness to face flooding. They no longer feel the flood as one of the threats, but they considered it as a matter limitation they face every day. For recommendations, the need for a planning instrument and economic development are also regarded by key stakeholders as more important than an emergency system for anticipating routine hazards rather than just responding to incidental hazards