Penentuan Jumlah Exit Taxiway Berdasarkan Variasi Jenis Pesawat dan Kerapatan Jadwal Penerbangan pada Runway 1 Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta Jakarta

Transportasi udara di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun. Pada tahun 2008, jumlah penumpang pengguna layanan transportasi udara berkisar 169 juta penumpang dan pada tahun 2013 sudah mencapai 325 juta penumpang. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta. Berdasarkan hasil analisa PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero), kapasitas pada runway 1 yang melayani terminal 1 untuk penerbangan domestik sudah tidak mampu melayani pergerakan pesawat yang datang maupun berangkat. Berdasarkan kondisi tesebut, diperlukan usaha untuk mengatasi permasalahan di atas, yakni dengan melakukan analisis mendalam mengenai jumlah exit taxiway yang ada saat ini, apakah masih efektif dalam melayani jadwal penerbangan yang padat. Penentuan jumlah exit taxiway berdasarkan variasi jenis pesawat dan kerapatan jadwal penerbangan pada kondisi eksisting, 5 tahun mendatang dan 10 tahun mendatang. Sedangkan peramalan jumlah penerbangan pada runway 1 Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta menggunakan metode regresi linier. Tahap awal analisis penentuan jumlah exit taxiway adalah menganalisis kapasitas suatu runway. Data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan survey secara langsung di menara ATC atau dengan menggunakan program bantu dan pengamatan secara langsung di daerah dekat dengan runway 1. Untuk perhitungan kapasitas suatu runway menggunakan konsep jarak-waktu dan perumusan matematis kapasitas jenuh. Konsep ini mengacu bahwa diantara dua kedatangan dapat melayani keberangkatan. Selanjutnya adalah membandingkan setiap hasil perhitungan kapasitas suatu runway, apakah masih dapat melayani pertumbuhan pelayanan penerbangan atau tidak. Bila tidak, maka akan ditambah jumlah exit taxiway. Dari hasil analisa, kapasitas runway 1 sebesar 58 operasi baik keberangkatan atau kedatangan. Sedangkan hasil peramalan 10 tahun mendatang, jumlah penerbangan saat jam sibuk sebanyak 74 operasi penerbangan. Kebutuhan exit taxiway sudah terpenuhi dengan tersedianya 7 exit taxiway. Kepadatan jumlah pergerakan pada saat jam puncak dapat teratasi dengan pembagian volume ke runway 2, pembagian volume ke jam lain dan penggantian tipe pesawat terbang yang lebih besar ======================================================================== Air transportation in Indonesia is increasing every year. In 2008, the number of passengers that used air transport services was 169 million passengers and in 2013 had reached 325 million passengers. That condition affected the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Based on the analysis of PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero), the capacity on runway 1 that serves terminal 1 for domestic flights is not able to serve the departure or arrival of aircraft. Based on these conditions, the efforts are needed to overcome the above problems, by conducting an in-depth analysis of the number of existing of exit taxiways, is it still effective in serving a busy flight schedule. Determination of exit taxiway amount based on variation of aircraft type and flight schedule density on existing condition, next 5 years and 10 years. The number of flights on the runway 1 Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in 10 years ahead, is forecasted by using linear regression method. The initial stage of analysis determining the amount of exit taxiway, is to analyze the capacity of a runway. Primary data were obtained by conducting primary data surveys on ATC towers or by using auxiliary and observation programs directly in areas close to runway 1. The calculation of the capacity of a runway using the concept of distance-time and mathematical formulation of saturated capacity. This concept refers that between two arrivals can serve the departure. Next step of analysis, is comparing each of the calculation results of a runway's capacity, whether is it still able serve the growth of flight or not. If not, then will be added the amount of exit taxiway. The result of analysis, the capacity of runway 1 is able to serve 58 operations either departure or arrival. The results of forecasting the next 10 years, the number of flights during peak hour is 74 flight operations. The need for exit taxiway has been fulfilled with the availability of 7 exit taxiway. The density of the number of movements during peak hours can be solved by split the flight to runway 2, spread volume distribution to other hour and replacements the existing type of aircraft with the larger type of aircraft