Pemetaan Jaringan Distribusi Listrik Sempol Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis Dan Evaluasi Penanggulangan Gangguan Berdasarkan Analytical Hierarchy Process

Tumpang tindih penggunaan lahan antara jaringan distribusi listrik dengan kawasan Perhutani dan kawasan PTPN XII di Sempol perlu mendapat perhatian, pemilihan lahan yang kurang tepat untuk tata letak peralatan distribusi listrik menjadi salah satu faktor timbulnya gangguan. Salah satu gangguan yang timbul akibat panjangnya saluran distribusi yaitu tegangan jatuh (drop voltage). Mengingat wilayah Sempol merupakan kawasan hutan dan perkebunan, dimana terdapat tanaman tinggi berdaun lebat sehingga dibutuhkan penambahan saluran guna menghindari kawasan tersebut. Sistem informasi geografis (SIG) memiliki kemampuan dalam mengolah data spasial sebagai solusi dalam mengelola dan merencanakan penambahan jaringan distribusi listrik di kawasan Sempol. Pengolahan data pada sistem informasi geografis menghasilkan informasi berupa panjang saluran, jenis penghantar, kapasitas daya, tiang gardu distribusi dan pengguna listrik di Sempol. Pengambilan keputusan dalam penanggulangan gangguan pada jaringan listrik mengalami dilema, terutama dalam hal menentukan prioritas. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) memiliki kemampuan dalam menentukan keputusan prioritas berdasarkan bobot kriteria, sub kriteria dan alternatif keputusan penanggulangan gangguan berdasarkan masukan dari para ahli (pakar). Dari hasil pengolahan data mengunakan ArcGIS diketahui bahwa pemetaan jaringan distribusi listrik pada gardu distribusi Krepean, Mlaten dan Jampit melewati kawasan agrikultur lahan dan kawasan perkebunan. Dengan panjang saluran distribusi dari gardu induk hingga gardu distribusi Jampit sepanjang 67,65 kms. Pemetaan untuk perencanaan jaringan listrik baru di Blawan diketahui memiliki panjang saluran 5 km dari saluran hubung terakhir, dengan melewati tutupan lahan kawasan perkebunan. Hasil analisis pada panjang saluran dapat diketahui tegangan jatuh sebesar 0,76% berdasarkan pengukuran di gardu distribusi Jampit, sedangkan pada gardu distribusi Krepean sebesar 0,71 % dan gardu Mlaten sebesar 0,75%. Dari hasil pendekatan menggunakan metode AHP diketahui bahwa faktor internal mendominasi gangguan distribusi listrik dengan nilai prosentase 62%. Keputusan alternatif terhadap upaya penanggulangan gangguan yaitu melakukan perawatan dan pengontrolan jaringan distribusi listrik dengan nilai prioritas sebesar 58%, alternatif kedua melakukan program pendidikan dan pelatihan kepada teknisi dengan nilai prioritas sebesar 28% dan alternatif ketiga penambahan pemasangan relay proteksi guna melokalisir gangguan sebesar 14%. ====================================================================================== The overlapping of the usage of area between PLN electricity distribution network with Perhutani region and PTPN XII area in Sempol needs to get more attention, the wrong method of land selection for the layout of electrical distribution equipment is one factor disturbance. One of the disturbances arising from the distribution line length is drop voltage. Remembering that Sempol is area of forests and plantations where there are vegetation of leafy tall plants that could harm the line of electrical distribution network. The capability of geographical information system (GIS) in fast processing and analyzing of spatial data as a solution in managing and planning the addition of electricity distribution networks in Sempol. Processing data on geographic information system produces information such as lines length, conductor type, power capacity, pole distribution and electricity users in Sempol. Decision making in the prevention of disturbances on the electrical grid in a hardship, especially in terms of determining priorities. The capability of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority decisions based on weight criteria, sub criteria and alternatives prevention of disturbances decisions based on input from experts. From the results of data processing using ArcGIS note that mapping the electricity distribution network in distribution substations Krepean, Mlaten and Jampit passed the area of agricultural land and the plantation area. With a length of distribution lines from substation to distribution substation throughout Jampit 67.65 Kms. Mapping for planning new electricity networks in Blawan known to have a lines length of 5 km of the lines last circuit, by passing plantation area land cover. The results of the analysis on the length of the channel can be known voltage drop of 0.76%, based on measurements in Jampit substation, substation Krepean while at 0.71% and 0.75% Mlaten substation. Based on results of the approach using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is known that internal factors dominate disturbance of electricity distribution with the percentage of 62%. Alternative decisions in order to overcome disturbances that do maintenance and control of electrical distribution networks with a priority value of 58%, the second alternative a program of education and training to technicians with a priority value of 28% and a third alternative the addition of mounting protection relays to localize the disturbance by priority value of 14%