KAJIAN SISTEM TRANSFER DAN PENGANGKUTAN SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN MEJAYAN,KABUPATEN MADIUN

Perpindahan Ibukota Kabupaten Madiun ke Kecamatan Mejayan menyebabkan wilayah kecamatan ini sebagian besar masuk Bagian Wilayah Perkotaan (BWP) Mejayan. BWP Mejayan akan menjadi kawasan yang akan bertumbuh cepat sebagai pusat pelayanan perkotaan. Oleh karenanya BWP Mejayan harus ditunjang oleh sarana dan prasarana sanitasi, khususnya pengelolaan sampah. Pada saat ini masih banyak terlihat kerusakan-kerusakan sarana dan prasarana di TPS serta masih minimnya fasilitas penunjangnya. Dari 14 desa/kelurahan yang ada di Kecamatan Mejayan, baru 4 desa/kelurahan yang terlayani pengelolaan sampah oleh Dinas Kebersihan dan Pertamanan (DKP). Hal ini disebabkan keterbatasan anggaran untuk operasional dan pemeliharaan maupun pengadaan kendaraan pengangkut sampah yang baru, serta SDM yang kurang memadai, baik dari kuantitas dan kualitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji sistem transfer dan pengangkutan sampah secara teknis kemudian dikaji lebih lanjut dalam aspek pembiayaan dan kelembagaan. Metode penelitian telah diawali dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dan primer. Data sekunder meliputi sarana prasarana TPS dan pengangkutan, biaya operasional/pemeliharaan (BOP), struktur/tata kerja pengelola. Sedangkan data primer diantaranya menghitung timbulan sampah dengan cara Load-Count Analysis, didasarkan atas jumlah kendaraan pengangkutan (gerobak sampah) yang masuk ke TPS selama 8 hari berturut-turut. Kemudian menghitung waktu operasional kendaraan pengangkut sampah dengan cara mengikuti kendaraan tersebut sebanyak 2 kali pengukuran. Data-data tersebut dianalisis dan dikaji meliputi aspek teknis, aspek pembiayaan dan aspek kelembagaan. Hasil kajian dan analisis sistem transfer dan pengangkutan sampah, dilakukan dengan penambahan/desain ulang TPS dan peningkatan jumlah trip kendaraan pengangkut sampah. Cakupan pelayanan TPS dan pengangkutan sampah eksisting sebesar 35,14%, setelah dilakukan optimasi pada tahun 2020 naik menjadi 63,09% atau setiap tahun meningkat sebesar 6,985%. Kebutuhan TPS untuk pada tahun 2020 dibutuhkan TPS sebanyak 9 unit, sedangkan untuk tahun 2026 sebanyak 20 unit. Dengan adanya optimasi TPS dan efisiensi pengangkutan sampah, jumlah trip kendaraan masih bisa ditingkatkan, untuk dump truck dari 1 trip/hari menjadi 2 trip/hari sedangkan armroll truck dari 2 trip/hari menjadi 10-13 trip/hari. Jenis kendaraan yang akan dioperasikan setelah adanya optimasi yakni 2 unit armroll truck 6 m3. Kebutuhan BOP setelah dilakukan optimasi bisa menghemat biaya sebesar Rp. 122.282.900,00 dari total BOP Rp. 554.014.100,00. Biaya investasi untuk pembangunan baru TPS yang rusak sebesar Rp. 1.001.341.020,00. Sedangkan untuk investasi pengadaan kontainer 6 m3 dan armroll truck dengan kapasitas 6 m3 sebesar Rp. 720.000.000,00. ==================================================================================================== The displacement of the Madiun capital to Mejayan District has caused most of the area to be located in the Urban Area Section (BWP) of Mejayan. As the BWP of Mejayan would become a rapidly grown center for urban services, it should be supported with sanitation and infrastructure facilities, particularly for solid waste management. Many of the vital means and infrastructure of the transfer station (TPS) have not been properly functioning or inavailable. Only four sub-districts (from a total 14) in this District have been served by the Sanitation and Landscaping Agency (DKP). This situation is caused by the limited municipal budget for TPS operation and maintenance, for procurement of waste-transport vehicles, and for providing good quality and sufficient number of workers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the technical, financial, and institutional aspects of solid waste transfer and transpor systems in the Mejayan District. This research was commenced by collecting secondary and primary data. The secondary data included means and infrastructure of the TPS and the transportation facilities, operational and maintenance costs, organization structure and job description of workers. The primary data covered measurement of waste generation rate using load-count analysis method, which was based on the number of hand carts which entered the TPS, and the solid waste volumes being deposited in the TPS. Measurements of solid waste generation rate were implemented in eight consecutive days. The efficiencies of each solid waste transport vehicle were measured twice. The time period for solid waste loading and unloading, transport time from the TPS to the landfill, time required for solid waste disposal in the landfill, and time required by each vehicle for embarking and disembarking the garage were measured by following the transport vehicle. Information concerning financial, and institutional aspects of the solid waste transfer and transport activities were collected through interview to the DKP staff. Strategies for improving the solid waste transfer and transport activities were done by SWOT analysis, which considered the technical, financial, and institutional aspects. This study recommended expansion and redesign of the TPS, and improvement of solid waste transport efficiency. The current coverage of solid waste management service in Mejayan District was only 35.14%. Optimization scheme for 2020 resulted in an increase up to 63,09%, or 6,985% annually. In 2020, nine TPS would be needed, whereas for 2026 not less than 20 TPS should be provided. The transport efficiencies could be improved as the following: dump truck services were improved from 1 trip/day to 2 trips/day; armroll truck efficiency was improved from 2 trips/day to 10-13 trips/day. Two armroll trucks of 6 m3capacity were considered to be sufficient to operate. The optimized BOP could save Rp. 122,282,900.00 from the current value of Rp. 554,014,100.00. Estimate for investment for reconstruction of the existing TPS was Rp. 1,001,341,020.00. Procurement of 6 m3 containers and armroll trucks of 6 m3 capacity required Rp. 720,000,000.00