Experimental and analytical study of the structural response of segmental tunnel linings based on an in situ loading test. Part 2: Numerical simulation

The numerical simulation of the in situ test described in the part 1 of the paper is performed by means of two different approaches: a 2D plane stress model and a 3D shell elements model. A consistent modeling of the tunnel behavior is achieved through the proper simulation of the main phenomena involved on the structural response of the lining: (1) the steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) post-cracking behavior, (2) the detailed behavior of the joints between segments and (3) the ground–structure interaction. The origin and the effects of all these phenomena and the modeling techniques employed to simulate them are carefully described and discussed. Finally, the results obtained are compared with the experimental evidences, showing the excellent accuracy achieved in terms of displacements, joints closures and crack patterns.Peer Reviewe