Temperature induced structural changes in even-odd nylons with long polymethylene segments

Structural transitions of nylons 8 9 and 12 9 heating and cooling processes were investigated using calorimetric, spectroscopic during and real time X-ray diffraction data. These even-odd nylons had three polymorphic forms related to structures where hydrogen bonds were established in two planar directions. Heating processes showed a first structural transition at low temperature where the two strong reflections related to the packing mode of the low temperature structure (form I) disappeared instead of moving together and merging into a single reflection, as observed for conventional even-even nylons. The high temperature structure corresponded to a typical pseudohexagonal packing (form III) attained after the named Brill transition temperature. Structural transitions were not completely reversible since an intermediate structure (form II) became clearly predominant at room temperature in subsequent cooling processes. A single spherulitic morphology with negative birefringence and a flat-on edge-on lamellar disposition was obtained when the two studied polyamides crystallized from the melt state. Kinetic analyses indicated that both nylons crystallized according to a single regime and a thermal nucleation. Results also pointed out a secondary nucleation constant for nylon 12 9 higher than that for nylon 8 9, suggesting greater difficulty in crystallizing when the amide content decreased. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 2494–2506Peer Reviewe