El turismo como elemento de crecimiento económico en el ámbito español

El objetivo del trabajo es determinar las comunidades autónomas en las que el sector turístico toma mayor protagonismo, y aquéllas en las que el sector no resulta destacable dentro de su actividad económica. La importancia de esta clasificación se explica por el efecto positivo que el sector turístico tiene en el crecimiento del resto de sectores (por su capacidad de arrastre), generando de este modo un importante impacto en el crecimiento económico regional. Dicho objetivo se alcanza mediante una técnica multicriterio que permite incluir diversas variables representativas de la evolución del sector. Las conclusiones apuntan la existencia de grandes divergencias entre las comunidades autónomas. Son pocas las que confieren la categoría de territorio.The aim of this study is to determine in which autonomous communities the tourist sector has more prominence, and in which has little effect on their economy. The importance of this classification is shown by the positive effect that the tourist sector has in the growth of the rest of the sectors (by a dragging effect), generating an important impact on the growth of the regional economy. This project is achieved via a multi-criteria technique that allows several representative factors of the evolution on the tourist sector to be included. There are: the percentage of the number of tourists, the amount spent by tourists in each community, how tourism contributes to the PIB and to the regional employment. The conclusions show a large divergence among the autonomous communities. Few regions contribute to the Spanish economy to be in the category of tourist territory and few have tourism as their engine for their economic growth. Moreover, the analysis of the productive diversification shows that those communities with a higher tourist profile have a more specialised economic structure in this sector, making their economies more vulnerable in their results. Whereas those other communities with less tourism, but more diversified productivity, have a positive dragging effect by the tourist sector, without relying so much on it in their economic growth