Uji Perbandingan Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L.) Sebagai Insektisida Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Dan Nyamuk Culex Sp. Dengan Metode Semprot

Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. mosquitoes are the vectors of some diseases such as dengue haemorragic fever, yellow fever and chikungunya, because of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, meanwhile lymphatic filariasis, Japanese B Encephalitis, West Nile Virus, and St. Louis Encephalitis because of the Culex sp. mosquiotoes. Thus, it is required a natural insecticide to control vectors such as ethanol extract betel leaf because this plant contains flavonoids, saponins and tanins and alkaloids. Flavonoids cause withering of the respiratory nerves causes vectors cannot breathe. Saponins decrease free sterol in its body so it can disrupts moulting process. Tanins can decrease digestive ability and protein activity in mosquitoes. Meanwhile, alkaloids act by inhibit acetylcholinesterase enzyme and can affect sympthatic nerve function. These four things are causing death of the Aedes aegypti and Culex sp mosquitoes. This research uses experimental study, it’s done with 25 Aedes aegypti and 25 Culex sp. mosquitoes were divided into 4 groups. Group I as a Aedes aegypti mosquitoes negative control that uses acetone 1%. Group II uses ethanol extract betel leaf with a concentration of 10% for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Group III as Culex sp. mosquitoes negative control that uses acetone 1%. Group IV uses ethanol extract betel leaf 10% for Culex sp. mosquitoes. The measured parameters were the number of the Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. mosquitoes were dead by the time variation. Data analysis uses One-Way ANOVA method with p