Przemiany demokratyczne i europeizacja Hiszpanii

The problems in Spain’s relations with Europe have emerged in the complicated history of this country on numerous occasions. As the country peacefully moved from dictatorship to democracy in the late 1970s, a new stage of Europeization began there. A triumphant accession to the European Community, as early as in the mid-1980s, significantly accelerated the economic development and modernization in many spheres of life in the formerly isolated country. This process has been significantly contributed to by both Socialists and moderate Conservatives, who together have consolidated Spanish democracy. Spanish politicians and citizens are much more active in their pro-European creativity than Poles, whether internally, or in the EU, and other international organizations. Yet Spain has faced some problems with maintaining the national and territorial unity of the country for the future. The formerly ruling People’s Party tried to apply a return to the re-nationalization of Spain as a remedy, to no avail. The currently ruling Socialist Party is looking for the solution in the spirit of liberal, yet supervised federalism, and in the new ideas of an increasingly tolerant, civic, egalitarian and secular European project, wide open to the globalized world