The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Transnational Advocacy Network in the EU: Accommodative Spaces and Unobjectionable Norms

This is a study on transnational advocacy networks in the context of an accommodative EU multi-level governance system . Using the gay and lesbian network in the EU, I argue that transnational advocacy networks are successful in policy introduction (i.e. the inclusion of anti-discrimination clause in the Amsterdam Treaty) when they use leverage politics, accountability politics, symbolic politics, frame the issue effectively, and highlight issue characteristics involving bodily harm and equality among other things. Additionally, influence in issue creation and agenda setting, discursive positions and institutional procedures, and whether the new norm being developed and cultivated is related to an unobjectionable norm are also key factors to a successful transnational advocacy network such ILGA-Europe