Nollenergihus- en fallstudie om tillämpning i Sverige

Environmental problems are a discussed subject in the world. The reason for this is that natural disasters are becoming more and more visible. EU is working to reduce the Union's contribution to the greenhouse effect. The goal is to reduce greenhouse gases with 20% by 2020 and 20% of the energy used should come from renewable energy sources. The EU’s Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) introduces the concept zero-energy building. This concept is based on the building to be self-sufficient, which means that it should produce the same amount of energy as it consumes. This can be achieved by using a renewable energy source. The building will also be energy efficient to minimize energy consumption. In Sweden, the building and property sector accounts for about 39% of all energy use and 75% of all existing buildings are 30 years old or older. Now that they are in need of renovation, it is important that it is done energy efficient. During the housing shortage in Sweden, the government decided that one million houses would be built between the years 1965-1975. These homes are in need of renovation. One such example is the block Vågmästaren in Ängelholm, which is a 9-floor apartment block. The building has been renovated according to WSP's design in 2008. This study consists of proposing renovation measures according to the zero-energy principle. This report examines a suitable zero-energy definition for Sweden and if the application is possible for this type of building. The three cases that have been studied are not renovated building, WSP's renovation (by the consultation company WSP) and proposal for zero energy building. The investigation consisted primarily of energy calculations and life cycle analysis. The results show that a zero-energy definition is hard to reach because of the restricted Swedish climate which is that the energy requirements are greater in winter than in summer. Additional insulation, installation of FTX system and solar panels contribute to an energy efficient solution which resulted to an energy consumption of 35 kWh/m2, year. To achieve this requires a major investment (15, 2 million SEK) in comparison with the case WSP’s renovation (8, 92 million SEK). The payback time for the case proposal for zero energy building was 24 years and the case WSP's renovation was 35 years