POLA AKTIVITAS HARIAN DAN PERILAKU KAWIN RUSA SAMBAR (Cervus unicolor Kerr) DI RESORT WAY KANAN TAMAN NASIONAL WAY KAMBAS LAMPUNG

Research has been conducted to examine the daily activity patterns and mating behavior of sambar deer in way Kanan resort, Way Kambas National Park, Lampung from April to November 1999. Daily activities was recorded by ten minute-interval scanning method and mating behavior was observed by direct observation. During the wet season total main activities were feeding (61.54%), laying (26.49%), resting (7.41%), walking (3.42%) and other activities (1.14%). In dry season, the activities include feeding (59.38%), laying (25.54%), resting (11.55%), walking (3.26%) and other activities (0.27%). Total time for grazing was 8 hours/13 hours on wet season and 7.13 hours/12 hours on dry season. Rate of biting was 49.2-66.54 bite/min for males and 51.36-65.64 bite.min for female. Peak mating season was on May tio June. No harem system was developed. No access was given by dominant male to subdominant male for females. Mating behavior includes flehmen, urination, sniffing the urinate, observing, fake run by females, mounting and copulation. Hard antles rubbing caused effect on several trees (28%). Average breast diameter height of trees being rubbed during hard antlers condition were 7.06 ± 3.76 cm, with the length of scratch was 122.96 ± 15.48 cm. The trees species being rubbed were Melaleuca sp. (68%), Pavetta sp. (8%), Baccaurea lanceolata (8%), Ishorea sp. (4%), Vitex pinnata (4%), Dillenia excelsa (4%) and Nauclea subdita (4%)