Spatial Model of Deforestation in Sumatra Islands Using Typological Approach

High rate of deforestation occurred in Sumatra Islands had been allegedly triggered by various factors. This study examined how the deforestation pattern was related to the typology of the area, as well as how the deforestation is being affected by many factors such as physical, biological, and socio-economic of the local community. The objective of this study was to formulate a spatial model of deforestation based on triggering factors within each typology in Sumatra Islands. The typology classes were developed on the basis of socio-economic factors using the standardized-euclidean distance measure and the memberships of each cluster was determined using the furthest neighbor method. The logistic regression method was used for modeling and estimating the spatial distribution of deforestation. Two deforestation typologies were distinguished in this study, namely typology 1 (regencies/cities with low deforestation rate) and typology 2 (regencies/cities with high deforestation rate). The study found that growth rate of farm households could be used to assign each regencies or cities in Sumatra Islands into their corresponding typology. The resulted spatial model of deforestation from logistic regression analysis were logit (deforestation) = 1.355 + (0.012*total of farm households) – (0.08*elevation) – (0.019*distance from road) for typology 1 and logit (deforestation) = 1.714 + (0.007*total of farm households) – (0.021*slope) – (0.051*elevation) – (0.038* distance from road) + (0.039* distance from river) for typology 2, respectively. The accuracy test of deforestation model in 2000–2006 showed overall accuracy of 68.52% (typology 1) and 74.49% (typology 2), while model of deforestation in 2006–2012 showed overall accuracy of 65.37% (typology 1) and 72.24% (typology 2), respectively