BUDAYA MASYARAKAT JAWA DALAM NOVEL GADIS KRETEK KARYA RATIH KUMALA (KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGI SASTRA)

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan budaya masyarakat Jawa dalam novel Gadis Kretek karya Ratih Kumala meliputi: sistem mata pencaharian masyarakat Jawa, sistem kemasyarakatan masyarakat Jawa, dan sistem religi masyarakat Jawa. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskripitif dengan bentuk kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan antropologi sastra. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu novel Gadis Kretek karya Ratih Kumala. Hasil analisis data yaitu: 1) sistem mata pencaharian antara lain sutradara, produser, pegawai-pegawai pabrik kretek, pelinting klobot, babu, penjual toko obat, penjual di kios-kios pasar, juru tulis, industri rumahan, tempat percetakan, tukang cetak, paraji, penjual tembakau, petani, mantri, rentenir, tukang becak, dan toko penjual tape ketan; 2) sistem kemasyarakatan meliputi sistem kekerabatan, gotong royong, dan organisasi sosial; 3) sistem religi antara lain percaya adanya dedemit, percaya adanya Anjang Kencana, percaya pada ramalan Djojobojo, percaya terhadap istilah keberatan nama, dan percaya pada tradisi selamatan. Kata kunci: antropologi sastra, novel. Abstract: This research aimed to describe the culture of Javanese society in the Gadis Kretek’s novel by Ratih Kumala which include: the livehood system livelihood system, the social system, and the religious system of Javanese society. The method used is descriptive with qualitative form. The approach used is the anthropological approach to literature. The result of data analysis are: 1) the livehood system are director, producer, employes clove plant, klobot rollers, servant, drug seller, sellers in the market stalls, clerks, home industry, printing, printer, paraji, tobacco sellers, farmers, paramedics, money lenders, rickshaw pullers, and sellers of tape ketan; 2) The social system are: kinship system, mutual assistance, and social organization; 3) The religious system are believe to the evil’s existence, believe to Anjang Kencana, believe to Djojobojo’s forecast, believe that the name can be controlling the person fates, and believe to selamatan tradition. Key words: literature anthropological, novel