Obligatory investigative detention in legal theory and practice of Croatian courts

Pravo na slobodu kao jedno od temeljnih osobnih građanskih prava regulirano je najvišim međunarodnim i domaćim pravnim izvorima. Svako ograničenje ovog prava strogo je regulirano zakonskim odredbama koje jamče zaštitu prava pojedinca od represije javne vlasti, pri čemu poseban status ima institut obligatornog istražnog zatvora kao najteži oblika ograničenja slobode. U radu se nakon kratkog uvoda analizira povijesni razvoj obligatornog istražnog zatvora, zatim odredbe Europske konvencije o ljudskim pravima zajedno s mišljenjem Europskog suda za ljudska prava, kao i odredbe Ustava RH zajedno s odlukama Ustavnog suda, a sve u vezi s načelom razmjernosti kao temeljnim polazištem pri donošenju legitimnog ograničenja slobode. U nastavku će se analizirati odredbe Zakona o kaznenom postupku kojima je određena zaštita i ograničenje prava na slobodu, kao i određeni problemi koji su se javili uslijed primjene pozitivnopravnih odredbi. Na kraju će se kratko analizirati novi Nacrt prijedloga Zakona o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o kaznenom postupku.The right to liberty as one of the fundamental personal civil rights is governed by the highest international and domestic legal sources. Any restriction on this right is strictly regulated by legal provisions that guarantee the protection of the individual's rights against repression by public authority, with the special status of obligatory investigative detention as the most severe form of restriction of liberty. After a brief introduction, obligatory investigative detention is analyzed first through the historical development, then through the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights together with the opinion of the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia along with the decisions of the Constitutional Court, all this in conjunction with the principle of proportionality as a fundamental starting point in making a legitimate restriction of freedom. The following is an analysis of the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act which set out the protection and restriction of the right to liberty, as well as certain problems that arose as a result of the application of positive legal provisions. Finally, there is an analysis of the new Draft Bill amending the Criminal Procedure Code