Učenička percepcija karakteristika i obrazovnih preferencija djevojčica i dječaka

U ljudskoj povijesti su oduvijek bili prisutni različiti stereotipi. Neki su kroz godine oslabili, dok su neki ojačali. Jedni od najraširenijih su rodni stereotipi. Susrećemo ih u obiteljskom domu, vrtiću, školi, poslu, ali i na ulici i u medijima. Djeca uče o svijetu oko sebe ne samo uz pomoć roditelja, već na njih veliki utjecaj imaju i ostali ljudi (vršnjaci i odrasli) iz njihove okoline te mediji. Tako će se tijekom razvoja kroz raznovrsne interakcije i u raznovrsnim kontekstima djeca susretati s različitim rodnim stereotipima koji su prisutni u društvu. Djeca pod utjecajem različitih faktora biraju svoju omiljenu boju, igračku, školski predmet te zamišljaju što će postati kad odrastu. U sklopu izrade ovog diplomskog rada provedeno je istraživanje kojim se željelo kratkim intervjuom ispitati koje osobine učenici općenito povezuju s dječacima, a koje s djevojčicama te što učenici drugog razreda osnovne škole žele postati kad odrastu. Također se željelo istražiti koje školske predmete više vole dječaci, a koje djevojčice te misle li da su u nekim školskim predmetima dječaci bolji od djevojčica, odnosno djevojčice bolje od dječaka. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 10 učenika, pet dječaka i pet djevojčica, prosječne dobi 8 godina. Rezultati su pokazali kako učenici misle da su djevojčice nešto vrijednije nego dječaci, odnosno da se više trude, pišu zadaće na vrijeme i pomažu drugima, a za dječake misle da su bolji prijatelji. Dječaci iz ovog uzorka su iskazali nešto manju sklonost prema matematici, iako većina djece misli da su u matematici djevojčice i dječaci jednako dobri. Što se tiče odabira zanimanja, djevojčice preferiraju tradicionalno ženska zanimanja kao što su učiteljice i kozmetičarke, dok su dječaci iskazali svoju ljubav prema nogometu te bi željeli biti nogometaši. Učenici koji su birali zanimanja koja su u suprotnosti s rodnim stereotipima doživjeli su neodobravanje dječaka, dok su djevojčice ukazale na važnost poštivanja različitosti.Different stereotypes have always been present in human history. Some have weakened over the years, while some have strengthened. One of the most widespread stereotypes are gender stereotypes. They are present in a family home, kindergarten, school, professional environment, but also on the streets and in the media. Children learn about the world around them not only with the help of their parents, but from other people (peers and adults) from their environment as well and the media also influences them. During development through diverse interactions and in different contexts, children will encounter different gender stereotypes present in the society. Children under the influence of different factors choose their favourite colour, toy, school subject, and imagine what will they be doing for a living when they grow up. As a part of this graduate thesis, a research including a brief interview was carried out to explore which characteristics second grade elementary school pupils generally associate with boys or girls and what do they want to become when they grow up. We also wanted to explore which school subjects are more preferred by boys or girls, and do children think that in some school subjects boys are better than girls or the other way around. Ten pupils, five boys and five girls, participated in the study. Their average age was 8 years. The results showed that pupils think that girls are more diligent than boys, meaning that they make more effort and do their homework on time and help others, but on the other hand, pupils think that boys behave better as friends than girls. Boys from this sample seem to like mathematics somewhat less than girls, though most pupils think that girls and boys are equally good at mathematics. With regard to occupational choices, girls are choosing professions that are perceived as traditionally women's professions, such as teachers and beauticians, while boys expressed their love for football and they would like to be footballers. Pupils who chose professions that are in contrast to gender stereotypes experienced disapproval of boys, while girls pointed to the importance of respecting diversity