Smoking ban in cars protects children, but is vaping 'The Elephant in the Car'?

In March 2006, smoking in public places was banned in Scotland. The following year a similar ban was introduced in England — the last of the UK home nations to adopt this policy. At the time, some suggested that the ban might paradoxically increase children’s exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home. Parents who were unable to smoke in public places, such as pubs or restaurants, might instead smoke at home, thereby increase their children’s exposure to ETS. This was termed the ‘displacement hypothesis’.1 However, a systematic review of studies analysing the effects, on children’s ETS exposure, of banning smoking in public places concluded