Influence of fear on self-perception of pain in women before, during and after childbirth

Porod je fiziološki proces, najprirodniji u životu svake žene. Spoznaja da u sebi nosi novi život o kojem mora odgovorno brinuti uzrokuje strah koji je prisutan, u većoj ili manjoj količini, kod svake trudnice. Razlikujemo primarni strah od poroda koji se javlja kod žena koje prvi put rađaju (izvor može biti biološki, psihološki, socijalni i kulturološki) i sekundarni strah koji proizlazi iz prethodnog traumatičnog porodnog iskustva. Suvremeni pristup porodu omogućava kraći, manje bolan i porod s manje komplikacija. Najvažniju ulogu u pobjeđivanju trudnice nad strahom ima njezina spremnost da postane majka, njezin partner i povoljna okolina u kojoj se nalazi. Medicinsko osoblje (liječnici, primalje, anesteziolozi..) ima ulogu da svojom stručnošću trudnicama na razumljiv način objasne fiziologiju trudnoće, tijek poroda, načine ublažavanja boli, ali isto tako i moguće komplikacije. Trudnica koja dođe u bolnicu roditi mora imati osjećaj sigurnosti, mora znati da je njezino pravo biti upoznata sa svime što ju čeka, mora znati da ima pravo dobiti odgovor na sve nejasnoće. Upravo kad stekne taj osjećaj sigurnosti i povjerenja prema medicinskom osoblju i ustanovi u koju je došla, smanjuje se početni strah i povećava se suradnja između rodilje i liječnika / medicinskih sestara koja rezultira normalnim fiziološkim porodom bez trauma za rodilju i dijete. U ovom radu, nakon teoretskog dijela o porodu, edukaciji trudnica i strahu, obradit ćemo postavljene hipoteze u istraživanju provedenom online upitnikom na uzorku 201 ispitanice. Cilj navedenog istraživanja bio je ispitati strahove rodilja prije poroda vezane uz različite aspekte poroda i razdoblja babinja. Podciljevi istraživanja bili su ispitati postoji li povezanost između određenih strahova koje doživljavaju kod višerodilja i prvorodilja.Childbirth is a physiological process, the most natural in every woman's life. The realization that she is carrying a new life that she has to take care of responsibly causes the fear that is present, to a greater or lesser extent, in every pregnant woman. We distinguish between the primary fear of childbirth that occurs in first-time women (the source can be biological, psychological, social and cultural) and the secondary fear that comes from a previous traumatic birth experience. A modern approach to childbirth allows for shorter, less painful and less complicated births. The most important part in defeating a pregnant woman over fear is her willingness to become a mother, her partner and the favorable environment in which she is. Medical staff (doctors, midwives, anesthesiologists ..) have the role of explaining to pregnant women the physiology of pregnancy, the course of childbirth, ways of relieving pain, but also possible complications. A pregnant woman who comes to the hospital to give birth must have a sense of security, must know that her right to be aware of everything that awaits her, must know that she has the right to receive an answer to all ambiguities. Just when she gains this sense of security and confidence in the nursing staff and the institution she comes to, the initial fear decreases and cooperation between the maternity ward and the physician / nurse increases, resulting in normal physiological delivery without trauma to the mother and child. In this paper, after the theoretical part on childbirth, education of pregnant women and fear, we will analyze the hypotheses in the research conducted by online questionnaire on a sample of 201 respondents. The aim of this research was to examine maternity pre-natal fears related to different aspects of midwifery births and periods. The goals of the study were to examine whether there is a correlation between certain fears experienced in multiple births and first births