International audienceObjectives. – In psychoanalysis, words such as deception, untruth, mythomania or pseudology are generallypreferred to the word lying. However, the heterogeneity of the lexical categories used raises an epistemological problem, since it is difficult to determine what distinguishes these notions. This article sets out tolist these theories in order to provide an overview. It studies the different approaches to understand whatdistinguishes and what connects them. The authors likewise explore the reasons why some people exhibitan addiction to lies.Method. – To achieve this, the article reviewsthe different existing theories. It provides a chronologicalstudyof the work conducted on lying from the mid-nineteenth century to t...