Situational awareness and group cohesivness as predictors of competition\u27s results in team sports

Ekipno situacijsko zavedanje ima velik pomen v zahtevnih in zapletenih sistemih, kot so denimo vojska in letalstvo, kjer je usklajeno delovanje posameznikov v timu ključno za uspešno izvedeno nalogo. Ta kognitivni dejavnik je v športu, kjer so interakcije in sodelovanje med člani za dosego skupnega cilja prav tako pomembni, manj raziskan. Hkrati se je v preteklih raziskavah v športu kot pomemben dejavnih rezultatske uspešnosti izkazala ekipna kohezivnost, ki ekipo opredeljuje kot enoto posameznikov, med katerimi potekajo različne socialne izmenjave. V magistrskem delu sem želel raziskati, kako skladnost ocene odbojkarske situacije in ekipna kohezivnost vplivata na rezultatsko uspešnost ekip. Na vzorcu petnajstih odbojkarskih ekip (N = 8431 moških in 53 žensk), ki nastopajo v prvi in drugi slovenski odbojkarski ligi, sem želel poiskati najbolj stabilen model, ki dobro opiše odnos med omenjenima konstruktoma in rezultatsko uspešnostjo v treh časovnih točkah tekmovalne sezone. Preveril sem tudi razlike med ekipami glede na spol in njihovo število zmag v različnih delih tekmovanja. V raziskavi sem uporabil tehniko ocenjevanja situacijskega zavedanja (SART) in vprašalnik o ekipnem okolju (GEQ). Rezultati kažejo pomembne negativne povezave med skladnostjo ocen situacije in rezultatsko uspešnostjo v vseh delih sezone. Med ekipno kohezivnostjo in rezultatsko uspešnostjo so povezave prav tako negativne. Kot pomembna dejavnika rezultatske uspešnosti sta se izkazala skladnost ocene situacije ter posameznikovi občutki o ekipnih interakcijah. Pri ženskih in boljših ekipah je pomemben napovednik ekipnega rezultata vezan predvsem na socialno kohezivnost ekipe, pri moških pa na kohezivnost glede ekipne naloge ter skladnost ocene situacije. Pri rezultatsko slabših ekipah je pomemben dejavnik rezultatske uspešnosti posameznikov občutek o vključenosti pri ekipni nalogi. Rezultatska uspešnost različnih podskupin je odvisna od različnih podfaktorjev ekipne kohezivnosti. Hkrati je skladnost ocene situacije pomembna le pri nekaterih podskupinah, vključenih v raziskavo.Team situational awareness has great importance in complex and demanding systems (e.g. military and aviation) where synchronized functioning between individuals is a key for successful performance. In sport, where interactions and cooperation are important as well, this cognitive factor is less known. On the other hand, team cohesion as a significant factor in sports performance got more attention in previous researches. The latter defines a team as a unit of individuals within who different social exchanges extend. In the current study, I wanted to explore how uniformity of volleyball situation assessment and team cohesion influence team performance outcomes. On the sample of 15 volleyball teams (N = 8431 males and 53 females) which take part in the first and second Slovenian national league, I sought for the most stable model which would describe the relationship between the aforementioned constructs and the team performance outcome in three different times of the season. I also checked for potential differences between teams considering gender and the number of games wined in different stages of the season. I applied the Situational awareness rating technique (SART) and Group environment questionnaire (GEQ). The results show significant negative correlations between uniformity of situation assessments and team performance outcomes regardless of the competition stage. Additionally, negative connections have been found between team cohesion and team performance. Uniformity of situation assessments and an individual\u27s feeling about team interactions showed as important factors of competition\u27s results. In female teams and competitively successful teams, social cohesion plays the most important role in the performance outcome while in male teams the strongest factors are uniformity of situation assessment and task cohesion. The feeling of individual integration towards team goals was the strongest factor in less successful teams. The team performance outcome of different subgroups depends on different factors of cohesion. In addition, the uniformity of situation assessment is not important in each of these subgroups