Rescue of cells from apoptosis by antioxidants occurs downstream from GSH extrusion

Antioxidants-that is, scavengers of free radicals and anaerobic conditions (5%CO2, 95% N2)-protect monocytic U937 cells from damage-induced apoptosis. Antioxidants rescue the cells acting on the apoptotic pathway at a step downstream from gluthatione extrusion. Reducing agents, such as DTT, also reduce stress-induced apoptosis. Thus, apoptotic GSH extrusion triggers the downstream events of apoptosis by leaving cells unprotected against thiol\s oxidation and radical production