Energy consideration in machining titanium alloys with a low carbon manufacturing requirements: A critical review

Machining of titanium alloys poses a serious challenge for the industry, due to its tendency to work harden during the machining process, high cutting temperatures, high cutting pressures, chatter, and its reactivity with tool materials over 500°C. In conjunction with its low thermal conductivity and low modulus of elasticity, these factors impede the machinability of titanium. This work presents an overview on machining the Titanium Alloy by considering the energy involved in the manufacturing processes to have a low carbon manufacturing requirements by evaluating carbon emission in the manufacturing process plan