O puščičnih osteh za lok in samostrel z območja srednjeveške Škofje Loke

The article discusses the medieval crossbow bolthead that was found in the castle garden. The bolthead, which presumably originates from Loka Castle in Škofja Loka, represents merely a small fragment of the stock of weapons stored in Loka Castle in medieval times by the Freising bishops but which has not been preserved. The only evidence of its existence consists of records of movable inventory from the beginning of the 14th century.The article then presents arrow and boltheads for a bow and crossbow, and the problems of differentiating between them since each weapon required a specific type of projectile.The arrow and boltheads from the castle of  Zgornji stolp on Krancelj, which came to light during the excavations in the years 1954-1955, were typologically classified into two basic types according to the shape of the shaft: Type I - tang arrowheads, and Type II - socketed arrowheads. Considering the shape of the leaf, each type was then classified into subtypes.Since we lack stratigraphic data for the material from Zgornji stolp on Krancelj, we could date the excavated arrow and boltheads to the period from the 12th to the beginning of the 16th century only with the aid of accompanying material and the time in which the castle was used. After the year 1511, the tower on Krancelj was abandoned.Članek obravnava srednjeveško samostrelno puščično ost, ki je bila najdena na grajskem vrtu. Ost, ki najverjetneje izhaja iz Loškega gradu v Škofji Loki, predstavlja le majhen drobec iz zalog orožja, ki so ga v srednjem veku freisinški škofje hra-nili na Loškem gradu, a se do danes ni ohranilo. O njegovem obstoju govorijo le ohranjeni popisi premičnega inventarja z začetka 14. stoletja.V nadaljevanju prispevka so predstavljene puščične osti za lok in samostrel, ter problematika razlikovanja med enimi in drugimi, saj je vsako od orožij zahtevalo svoj tip izstrelka. Puščične osti z gradu Zgornji stolp na Kranclju, ki so prišle na dan pri izkopavanjih v letih 1954-1955, so na podlagi obli-kovanosti nasadila tipološko razvrščene v dva osnovna tipa: tip I - s trnastim nasadilom in tip II - s tulastim nasadilom. Ob upoštevanju oblike lista je vsak tip še dalje razdeljen na podtipe.Ker za material z Zgornjega stolpa na Kranclju ni stratigraf-skih podatkov, so puščične osti lahko le okvirno datirane v čas od 12. do začetka 16. stoletja, ob pomoči spremnega gradiva in časa, v katerem je bil grad v uporabi. Po letu 1511 so stolp na Kranclju opustili