A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Gans Repositioning Maneuver and Brandt-Daroff Exercises in the Management of Dizziness and Balance among Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Patients

INTRODUCTION: The vestibular system includes the parts of the inner ear and brain that help control balance and eye movements. If the system is damaged by disease, aging, or injury, vestibular disorders can result, and are often associated with one or more symptoms, among which are vertigo and dizziness. Vertigo is defined as an illusion of movement. Benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vestibular disorder. It has a sudden onset that is provoked by a certain position or appears in a determined position. It is widely accepted that individuals exhibit symptoms of benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo when calcium carbonate crystals, known as otoconia, become displaced from the utricle of the inner ear and move into the semicircular canals. OBJECTIVES: 1. To find out the effectiveness of Gans repositioning maneuver on dizziness among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. 2. To find out the effectiveness of Brandt-Daroff exercises on dizziness among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. 3. To compare the effectiveness of Gans repositioning maneuver and Brandt-Daroff exercises on dizziness among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. 4. To find out the effectiveness of Gans repositioning maneuver on balance among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. 5. To find out the effectiveness of Brandt-Daroff exercises on balance among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. 6. To compare the effectiveness of Gans repositioning maneuver and Brandt-Daroff exercises on balance among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients. METHODOLOGY: Study setting: The study was conducted in Physiotherapy outpatient department, RVS College of Physiotherapy, Sulur, Coimbatore. Selection of Subjects: 20 subjects were randomly selected who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups. Group 1-Gans repositioning maneuver, Group 2-Brandt-Daroff exercises. Study design: The study design adopted was pre test and post test, experimental design. Inclusion criteria: • Age: 50-60 years. • Clinically diagnosed with posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with unilateral involvement. • Patients who are co-operative. • Both the gender. Exclusion criteria: • Previous or current diagnosis of labyrinthine diseases such as menieres disease, labyrinthitis or vestibular neuritis. • Disorders of central nervous system. • Patients who are on medications for vertigo control. • Anterior or horizontal semicircular canal involvement. • Neurological problems that induce vertigo. • Visual and auditory impairment. • Cognitive and perceptual deficits. CONCLUSION: 20 benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients were included in this study and randomly divided into two groups and each group consisted of 10 subjects. Group A was treated with Gans repositioning maneuver. Group B was treated with Brandt-Daroff exercises. After two weeks of intervention dizziness and balance improved significantly. The statistical result shows that there is improvement in both the groups. When comparing both, Gans repositioning maneuver showed more significant improvement in dizziness and balance among benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients than Brandt-Daroff exercises