TAREKAT SYATTARIYAH DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL DI CIREBON :: KAJIAN SOSIO-HISTORIS

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/8Tarîqah as a spiritual organization has grown so rapidly as to the dynamics of Islamization in Indonesia. However,tharîqah today is often stigmatized as a passive organization which contributes nothing to the community due to its religious exclusivism focusing on vertical relationship between man and God. This stigma, on the contrary, was falsely proven by the findings of a tharîqah in Cirebon. Shattariah tharîqah in Cirebon plays an active role in the dynamics of social change in the palace, in the boarding schools, and in the batik industry. By using structuration theory analysis, it can be seen that the Shattariah tharîqah contributes to: firstly, the establishment of the institution of the palace, schools, and the batik industry; secondly, to the synergies between tradition and modernization in the midst of social change in Cirebon.Tarekat sebagai organisasi spiritual telah berkembang sedemikian pesat seiring dengan dinamika keIslaman di Indonesia. Namun dewasa ini, tarekat kerap kali distigmakan sebagai organisasi pasif yang tidak dapat berkontribusi bagi kehidupan sosial, karena orientasinya yang mempraktikan eksklusifisme beragama dengan fokus pada hubungan vertikal antara manusia dan Tuhan. Namun stigma demikian berkebalikan dengan temuan fenomena tarekat di Cirebon. Tarekat Syattariyah di Cirebon dapat berperan aktif dalam dinamika perubahan sosial di keraton, pondok pesantren, dan industri batik. Dari hasil analisis menggunakan teori strukturasi, dapat dilihat bahwa tarekat Syattariyah berkontribusi terhadap: (i) berdirinya institusi keraton, pesantren, dan industri batik; (ii) sinergi antara tradisi dan modernisasi ditengah perubahan sosial di Cirebon