The role of physical prototyping in the product development process

The aim of this paper was to achieve a better understanding of the specific role of physical prototyping in the product development process. Data from a survey of 25 companies revealed that the direct effect of prototyping on multidimensional project performance is limited. However, physical prototyping appears to affect process and product concept characteristics. More particularly, it improves interdisciplinary communication, supports a concurrent, time-oriented approach and collaboration in balanced teams. It enhances the project leader's championing, and increases the support of senior management and product quality. Finally, physical prototyping indirectly affects project performance via these modified characteristics