Enhanced mechanical energy harvesting capability in sodium bismuth titanate based lead-free piezoelectric

2020 Elsevier B.V. The demand for high-performance lead-free piezoelectric materials towards mechanical energy harvesting has been driven by the continuous requirements of self-powered applications such as wireless sensor network systems and biomedical devices, etc. Herein, manganese-doped sodium bismuth titanate based lead-free ternary piezoelectric system 0.92(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.04(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.04BaTiO3 (NBT-KBT-BT) was developed and the critical role of manganese on tailoring the microstructure and electrical properties was investigated. The highest piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 140 pC/N with figure of merit (d33 x g33) of 1790 x 10−15 m2/N has been achieved. Both high open-circuit voltage of ∼12.2 V and power density of ∼0.37 μW/mm3 were obtained based on cantilever-type energy harvester. This work provides a promising paradigm for the development of high-performance mechanical energy harvesting devices by tailoring the composition of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics