International audienceIn this article, we try to identify the mathematical, didactical and pedagogical knowledge potentially at stake in role-play (Lajoie et Pallascio, 2001 ; Lajoie, 2010), training situations of primary schoolteachers, that are unusual in French training practices. We use an analysis framework (Guille-Biel Winder et al., 2015 ; Mangiante-Orsola et al., forthcoming) which characterises training activities according to their type, to the posture of the prospective teachers expected by the teacher educator and to the knowledge at stake.Dans cet article nous cherchons à identifier les potentialités d’un type de situations de formation peu usuel dans la pratique des formateurs d’enseignants en France, le Jeu de Rôles (Lajoie e...