DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TOURISM IN THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

U radu će se prikazati razvoj domaćega turizma u socijalističkoj Hrvatskoj, dakle u razdoblju od 1945. do 1991. godine. Razvoj modernoga turizma započeo je u Europi i Hrvatskoj sredinom 19. stoljeća, ali je bio prekinut za vrijeme Prvoga i Drugoga svjetskoga rata. Po završetku Drugoga svjetskoga rata Hrvatska se našla u novoj državi, socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji, čija je vlada odlučila iskoristiti turizam u promicanju vlastite ideologije. Turizam je uklopljen u ideju o besklasnom društvu u kojemu svi radnici imaju pravo na zasluženi odmor. Novi zakoni o radu omogućili su radnicima više slobodnoga vremena. Kako većina nije imala razvijene turističke navike, vlada im je odlučila dati određene povlastice koje su korištene za vrijeme godišnjega odmora, primjerice popust na smještaj, hranu, prijevoz i sl. Zbog toga se prvi period razvoja turizma u Hrvatskoj naziva razdobljem socijalnoga turizma (1945-1965). Drugi period razvoja turizma naziva se razdobljem komercijalnoga turizma (1966-1991) zbog toga što se državna turistička politika okrenula privlačenju inozemnih turista i deviza. Pravi procvat turizma dogodio se krajem šezdesetih kada je zbog pozitivnog ekonomskog rasta porasla i potrošačka moć stanovništva. Osim pozitivnih strana, u razvoju turizma pojavile su se i one negativne, od kojih je najizraženiji problem bio devastacija jadranske obale. Najčešći oblici smještaja za domaće su turiste bila radnička odmarališta, vikendice, kampovi i hoteli. Razvoj turizma u Hrvatskoj zaustavljen je početkom Domovinskog rata 1991. godine te nakon rata započinje njegova obnova.The term d omestic tourism refers to turistic activities of domestic tourists on domestic territory.The period which is being dealt with covers the socialism in Croatia, the period from 1945. to 1991. Development of the modern tourism starts from middle of the 19t h c.,both in the rest of Europe and in Croatia.That development was interrupted by the World War II, after which Croatia found itself in a new country-the socialist Yugoslavia. As opposed to the previous authorities, the Yugoslavian goverment paid a big attention to tourism and decided to use it in promoting their own ideologies and the incorporated it in the theory of the classless society perfectly. New laws about labours and rest were implemented and they enabled the workers to have plenty of free time. Taking into consideration that majority od the citizens did not have touristic habits, they had to become used to them. Because of that, the goverment gave the domestic tourists certain benefits, such as discounts on accomodation, food, means of transportation and the companies were giving away passes to workers resorts. The first period od the domestic tourism’s development in socialist Croatia lasted until 1965. Until that point it was focused on domestic tourists and it is called the socialist tourism. The real boom in travels appeared during the period of the biggest economic growth in Yugoslavia during the 60s when the purchasing power increased and when a bigger number of families had a car with which they could travel. Along with all the positives, some problems started to appear in Croatian tourism and those were unplanned construction of accommodation facilities, insufficient development of the economic enviroment, labor incompetence. The most commonly used forms of accommodation for domestic tourists were workers resorts, weekend houses, camps and hotels. Domestic tourism, along with the tourism in general, stopped with its development at the beginning of the Homeland War in 1991. During the war, a lot of facilities and infrastructure were demolished