الآثار البيئية لمشاريع التنمية الزراعيةفي السودان : دراسة حالة مشروع أم تكال لزراعة الأرز ولاية النيل الابيض 2010-2018

The study dealt with the environmental impacts of agricultural development projects in Sudan. The study aimed to introduce the importance of environmental studies within the economic studies of agricultural development projects To learn about the economic and social importance of the agricultural development projects in the Sudan, is to know what the project of Umm Takal for rice cultivation (Krawn) for the economy and for the development process in the region of Umm Takal in the White Nile State, with respect of the study of the environmental effects of the project of Umm Takal (Krawn) Takal and adjacent areas. The study applied the inductive method based on descriptive analytical method in analyzing the data collected by the researcher. The study also applied the method of primary sources in data collection. The interview was used in interviewing project officials in project management at Crown headquarters and project workers, Umm Takal and Al-Maqam, and secondary sources, including books, university studies and official reports The project provides foreign currencies by reducing the importation of rice and provides high qualities. The project does not provide great employment opportunities for the population. The project did not limit internal or external migration, the lack of agricultural cycle, problems related to health status and the spread of diseases. Regarding the presence of permanent water block in the project area such as malaria, the use of fertilizer and chemical pesticides in a manner that is harmful to the ecosystem there are no parallel environmental feasibility studies for the economic studies in the Umm Takal project (Krawn