THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN WITH HYPERACTIVITY AND ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER

Hiperaktivnost i deficit pažnje poremećaji su prisutni kod obaju spolova i u raznim dobnim skupinama, međutim, najčešće pogađaju djecu predškolskog i školskog uzrasta. ADHD (eng. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) definira se kao sindrom nepažnje - hiperaktivnosti (prekomjerne aktivnosti), tj. razvojni poremećaj koji se očituje nepažnjom, impulzivnošću i hiperaktivnošću. ADD (eng. Attention Deficit Disorder) se smatra najčešćim poremećajem ponašanja kod učenika, koji se teško prilagođavaju na školske obveze, pokazuju impulzivnost i nesnalaženje, neorijentiranost u vremenu i rasporedu obveza nastave i učenja. Još uvijek nije otkriven lijek za deficit pažnje/hiperaktivni poremećaj, ali stručnjaci se trude na različite načine i pristupe ublažiti simptome ovog poremećaja kako bi djeci i njihovim obiteljima olakšali svakodnevicu. Vježbanje uvelike pomaže djeci s ADHD-om. Dok vježbaju njihova osjetila se povećavaju, pažnja i raspoloženje im se podiže, vježbanje ih čini manje napetima, te im se podiže motivacija i samopouzdanje. Uključivanje djece s ADHD-om u tjelesne aktivnosti i sport omogućit će im učenje novih vještina, slušanje uputa, održavanje pažnje, poboljšati samopouzdanje, razviti motoričke sposobnosti i steći nova prijateljstva.Hyperactivity and attention deficit disorders are present in both genders and in different age groups, however, often affecting pre-school and school-age children. ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is defined as a inattentive – hyperactivity syndrome, which is a developmental disorder manifested by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) is considered to be the most common behavioral disorder in students who have difficulties adjusting to school responsibilities, exhibiting impulsiveness and lack of focus, disorientation in the time and learning schedule. There is no cure for attention deficit/hyperactive disorder but experts are trying different ways and approaches to alleviate the symptoms of this disorder to help make it easier for children and their families. Exercise greatly helps children with ADHD. As they exercise, their senses increase, their attention and mood rises, their exercise makes them less tense and their motivation and confidence increase. Involving children with ADHD in physical activity and sports will allow them to learn new skills, listen to directions, maintain mindfulness, improve confidence, develop motor skills and make new friendships