Relationship between reflective cognitive style, religiousness and some social questions

Uz sve popularnije istraživanje odnosa kognitivnih stilova i religioznosti, veći broj autora ispituje odnos kognicije i drugih društvenih stavova, te se koristi njima kako bi dobili bolji uvid u odnos religioznosti i različitih aspekata kognitivnog funkcioniranja. Sve veći broj radova potvrđuje negativnu povezanost religioznosti i reflektivnog kognitivnog stila, bio on mjeren objektivno ili putem samoprocjena ispitanika. No kod sagledavanja šire strukture društvenih stavova, dosadašnji nalazi upućuju na negativnu povezanost reflektivnog mišljenja i konzervativnih stavova, odnosno pozitivnu povezanost s liberalnim društvenim stavovima. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 378 ispitanika koji su putem online upitnika riješili produljenu verziju Testa kognitivne reflektivnosti (CRT), te ispunili Upitnik religioznosti, Skalu bitnih društvenih pitanja i Upitnik racionalnog i intuitivnog rasuđivanja (REI-10). Kod povezanosti društvenih stavova i kognitivne reflektivnosti dobivena je negativna povezanost reflektivnog kognitivnog stila s religioznosti i socijalnom pravdom te pozitivna povezanost sa seksualnim slobodama i modernizmom. Kod samoopisnih mjera kognitivnog stila, racionalno mišljenje je bilo negativno povezano s religioznosti i etnocentrizmom dok je pozitivna povezanost dobivena kod seksualnih sloboda i modernizma. Vjerovanje intuiciji je pozitivno povezano s religioznosti i socijalnom pravdom. Nadalje, kod objašnjenja varijabilnosti religioznosti pojedinca, i reflektivni kognitivni stil i društveni stavovi su se pokazali kao značajni prediktori religioznosti pojedinca. Kod društvenih stavova, stav prema seksualnim slobodama je bio značajni negativni prediktor religioznosti. Reflektivni kognitivni stil se također pokazao kao negativan prediktor religioznosti. Ispitana je povezanost različitih mjera kognitivne reflektivnosti te je dobivena pozitivna povezanost CRT-a i racionalnog mišljenja, te negativna povezanost CRT-a i vjerovanja intuiciji. Samoprocjene sklonosti racionalnom mišljenju i vjerovanja intuiciji nisu bili značajno povezani.Along with ever more popular research on the association between cognitive styles and religiosity, numerous authors also examine the relationship of cognitive factors and other social viewpoints in order to gain deeper insight into the relationship between religiosity and various aspects of cognitive functioning. There are more and more empirical work indicating a negative association between religiosity and reflective cognitive style, whether measured objectively or via self-report. While taking into consideration the wider structure of social attitudes, recent findings point to a negative correlation between reflective thought and conservative values or, in other words, a positive correlation of reflective thought with liberal social attitudes. In this research, there were 378 participants who completed an online questionnaire consisted of a lengthened version of Cognitive reflection test (CRT) and the Religiosity Questionnaire, Scale of Important Social Questions, and the Rational – Experiental Inventory (REI-10). Regarding the association between social attitudes and cognitive reflection, a negative correlation was found between reflective style and religiosity and social justice as well as a positive correlation of reflective style with sexual freedom and modernism. Self-reported rationality was negatively correlated with religiosity and ethnocentrism while it correlated positively with sexual freedom and modernism. Selfreported intuition had a positive correlation with religiosity and social justice. Furthermore, both the reflective cognitive style and social attitudes predicted religiosity in an expected way. Next, attitude towards sexual freedom was negative predictor of religiosity as well as a reflective cognitive style. The correlation between the two measures of cognitive reflection was tested and a positive correlation between the CRT and rational thought was found, as well as a negative correlation between CRT and following one's intuition. Self-reported tendencies towards rational thought and following one's intuition did not show no significant correlation