Examination of the relationship of perfectionism, pre-competitive anxiety, motivation and perceived legitimacy of unsportsmanlike behavior of basketball players

U suvremenom sportu sve je više prepoznata uloga sportske psihologije kao važnog faktora uspješne pripreme sportaša. U skladu s time ističe se važnost istraživanja utjecaja različitih psiholoških varijabli na uspješnost u sportu. U provedenom istraživanju cilj je bio ispitati povezanost perfekcionizma, prednatjecateljske anksioznosti, motivacije, ciljnih orijentacija i percipirane legitimnosti nesportskog ponašanja te situacijske efikasnosti košarkaša, sudionika hrvatske a-1 lige. Kao mjerni instrumenti korišteni su upitnik samoregulacije (SRQ-E) (Ryan i Connell, 1989, prema Silva, 2010), upitnik ciljnih orijentacija (TEOSQ) (Duda i Nicholls, 1992, prema Moran, 2004), upitnik percepcije legitimnosti nesportskog ponašanja (Greblo, Gruić, Ohnjec, Segedi i Pedišić, 2009), multidimenzionalni upitnik sportske izvrsnosti (Sindik, Schuster, Botica i Fikuš, 2015) te upitnik multidimenzionalnog perfekcionizma u sportskim situacijama (Dunn, Causgrove i Syrotnik, 2002, prema Sindik, 2009). Istraživanje je provedeno na 150 igrača. Utvrđeno je da unutarnji igrači imaju veću situacijsku efikasnost od vanjskih. Nadalje, igrači s manjom minutažom percipiraju veći pritisak roditelja i trenera te su više zabrinuti zbog pogrešaka od igrača s većom minutažom. Također, igrači koji uz domaću ligu igraju i regionalnu imaju veći stupanj introjecirane regulacije i ukupan indeks kontrolirane regulacije te pokazuju veću ego orijentaciju i postižu veće rezultate na subskali osobnih standarda (perfekcionizam). Dobivene su i značajne korelacije između dimenzija perfekcionizma, motivacije, prednatjecateljske anksioznosti i percipirane legitimnosti nesportskog ponašanja. Također se pokazalo da su zabrinutost zbog pogrešaka te kontrolirana regulacija dobri prediktori kognitivne anksioznosti, te da je zabrinutost zbog pogrešaka jedini prediktor somatske anksioznosti. Orijentacija na zadatak bila je značajan prediktor percepcije legitimnosti lakših prekršaja.In contemporary sport, the role of sport psychology has been increasingly recognized as an important factor for optimal preparation of athletes. Accordingly, the importance of investigating the effect of various psychological factors on performance in sport has also been widely addressed. In the conducted research, the aim was to examine the relationship of perfectionism, pre-competitive anxiety, motivation, goal orientations, perceived legitimacy of unsportsmanlike behavior and situational efficiency of basketball players, the participants of the Croatian a-1 league. The research was conducted through the following questionnaires: Exercise self-regulation questionnaire (SRQ-E)(Ryan and Connell, 1989; Silva, 2010), Task and ego orientation questionnaire (TEOSQ) (Duda and Nicholls, 1992; Moran, 2004), Questionnaire for the assessment of perceived legitimacy of unsportsmanlike behavior (Greblo, Gruić, Ohnjec, Segedi and Pedišić, 2009), Multidimensional inventory of sport excellence (Sindik, Schuster, Botica and Fikuš, 2015) and Sport multidimensional perfectionism scale (Dunn, Causgrove and Syrotnik, 2002; Sindik, 2009). The research was conducted on a sample of 150 players. It was found that the inside players have higher situational efficiency than outside players. Moreover, the players with less playing time perceived a greater pressure from their parents and the coach and are generally more concerned about the errors than their teammates with more playing time. Furthermore, the players who, besides in the home league, play in the regional one, have a greater degree of controlled regulation and higher total index of external regulation. What is more, they show greater ego orientation and achieve higher scores on the personal standards subscale (perfectionism). Moreover, significant correlations between dimensions of perfectionism, motivation, pre-competitive anxiety and perceived legitimacy of unsportsmanlike behaviour were found. It was also shown that the concern about the errors, as well as the controlled regulation, are good predictors of the cognitive anxiety. Also, concern about the errors is predictor of the somatic anxiety. Moreover, it was also found that task orientation is predictor of perceived legitimacy of unsportsmanlike behavior