Exchange and twinning in an age of borders: (inter)nationalism, mobility, encounter, and participation

The decades following the second world war saw an increase in twinning and exchanges in western Europe. Such initiatives were considered important for creating understanding and conviviality among national neighbours whose recent histories were characterised by conflict and antagonism. Similarly, in some national contexts – particularly post-reunification Germany – exchange and twinning has been part of a broader nation-building project. For the second half of the twentieth century, exchanges and twinning were considered advantageous for fostering international friendship, language-learning, civic participation, and opportunities for cheaper travel. Studies also suggest that migration to a particular destination can be influenced by an earlier exchange and twinning. However, a number of challenges face exchange and twinning. Austerity, declining uptake of language learning, safeguarding concerns, the emergence of budget holidays, the allure of travelling to new destinations rather than returning continuously to the same destination, and fewer new members in twinning associations provide structural challenges to exchanges and twinning. Furthermore, the rise of populist, isolationist nationalism emphasising borders in a number of countries across the world may means less official support for such ventures (with the noted example of one town in southern Wales un-twinning following the Brexit referendum result). Similarly, hostile environments where xenophobia is encouraged or tolerated, may mean exchanges are less appealing. However, there is scope also for these exchange and twinning ventures to be rallying points for those opposed to such discourses. Against this backdrop, we invite papers which address themes including, but not limited to:Exchange and twinning in austerityGeopolitics of exchange and twinningInternationalism, solidarity, and exchange and twinningCountertopographies of exchange and twinningExchange, twinning, and the lifecourseMigration, exchange and twinningEncounters, twinning and exchangeDark exchanges and troubled twinningConflict, peace, and reconciliation in exchange and twinningParticipation, civil society, and exchange and twinningMethodological approaches to studying exchanges and twinningEducation, exchange and twinningUn-twinning and exchange-endin