The reduction of the carbon footprint of human activities is one of the current major economic and ecological challenges. Communication networks have a dual role in this reduction. On one hand,mobile networks, and in particular the base stations, are nowadays an important energy consumer. It is, thus, necessary to optimize their behavior in order to reduce their carbon footprint. On the other hand,some communication networks are necessary to better manage the electrical grid. Thanks to this bettermanagement, it is possible to improve the proportion of electricity produced by renewable energy sources.In this thesis, we look at both aspects. In a first step, we propose a solution to reduce the energy consumption of wireless mobile networks. F...