The power supply quality of a railway network can be strongly affected by the unavailability of electrical equipment, whether due to a technical incident or a maintenance operation. It is then necessary to reduce the expected traffic by adjusting the time schedules and speed profiles, while maintaining optimal operating performance. The purpose of the work presented in this thesis is to develop a decision support tool to assist the agents in charge of the reorganization of traffic during an incident on electrical infrastructure. The studied system is complex and its analysis is based on costly simulations. We therefore proposed a two-phase approach. As a first step, a sensitivity analysis can effectively detect the most influential traffic ...