Molecular characterization of phytoplasma diseases of pepper in Turkey

During autumn, an extensive survey was conducted in pepper (Capsicum annum L.) in intensive cultivation areas of four provinces in southeastern Turkey (Adana, Kahramanmaraş, Mersin and Şanlıurfa) in order to identify the causal agent (s) of phytoplasma-like symptoms (chlorosis, little-leaf, short internodes and stunting). DNA amplification by PCR and RFLP analysis using EcoRI restriction enzyme confirmed the presence of phytoplasmas in Şanlıurfa and Mersin, and consequently their possible association with the symptoms. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate from Şanlıurfa had 99% sequence identity with “Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii” (16SrVI) and is a member of the clover proliferation group (16SrVI-A). Additionally, the isolate from Mersin had 96% sequence identity with “Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris” (16SrI). Importantly, gene sequence of the Mersin isolate shared