Water quality monitoring with emphasis on estimation of point and diffuse pollution sources

Population growth, urbanization and anthropogenic activities are becoming a serious problem for water resources in Turkey, which necessitates their monitoring and maintenance of water quality. In this study, water quality was implemented in the Porsuk Stream in Inner Anatolia, Turkey. Water samples were collected at monthly intervals between the period of 2008-2010 at four selected stations. Twenty one water quality parameters were measured which are water temperature (T), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, turbidity, chloride, suspended solids, dissolved solids, organic nitrogen (Org-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total organic carbon, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform, alkalinity, orthophosphate phosphorus (PO4 3--P), total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. The monitoring was conducted to see how the water quality changed along the stream in response to various anthropogenic activities. Besides, a paired t-test was utilized to determine the concentration differences at stations above and below the single most important point source of pollutants (Eskisehir city). Moreover, a regression model was used to establish relations between water quality parameters and flow and to estimate nonpoint source loadings. © 2019 Global NEST Printed in Greece.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma Kurumu Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştirma KurumuThe Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, In this study, the state of pollution of the Porsuk Stream Scientific and Technological Research Project: and the impacts of urban contributions on water quality An Y., Zou Z.H. and Li R.R. (2014). Water Quality Assessment in were determined. The natural sources especially the Harbin Reach of the Songhuajiang River ( China) Based agricultural applications are found to be the main water on a Fuzzy Rough Set and an Attribute Recognition pollution sources. As a result of point and nonpoint Theoretical Model. International Journal of Environmental sources discharges ? after Eskişehir ?Karahöyük and Research and Public Health, 11(4), 3507-3520. Yunusemre Stations) the water quality concentrations Anyanwu E.D., Ikomi R.B. and Arimoro F.O. (2013). increase and the class of Porsuk Stream is changing from Water quality andzooplanktonof theOgba River, BeninCity, polluted or highly polluted water. Especially, nitrogen and Nigeria. AfricanJournalof Aquatic Science, 38(2),193-199. phosphorus compounds are increasing. Basant N., Gupta S., Malik A. and Singh K.P. (2010). Linear andThe authors are indebted to the research fund of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey for supporting this study under a project entitled SInvestigation of the Effects of Climate Change on the Hydrology and Water Quality of the Lower Porsuk Stream Watershed Using HSPF and Determination of Best Water Management Strategies ? under project number 108Y091