TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP FLUKTUASI HARGA PRODUK PERTANIAN (STUDI KASUS DI PASAR SUB TERMINAL AGRIBISNIS NGABLAK MAGELANG)

Ngablak village is one of the villages in Magelang Regency, precisely in the Merbabu mountain valley. One of the main sectors of the Ngablak village community is the agricultural sector and Ngablak village is the vegetable barn of the Magelang region and its surroundings. The produced agricultural products can reach consumers through interactions of buying and selling between parties, including farmers, middlemen, and market traders. Buying and selling is an agreement recommended by Islam. However, Islam does not want followers to do things that are not in accordance with Islamic law, such as usury, fraud, and others. In practice, buying and selling of agricultural products that occurs in various public markets certainly has a variety of problems that result from economic activity, one problem that occurs is the significant fluctuations in prices of agricultural products in the Ngablak agribusiness sub-terminal market. This research is a field research in which the authors directly observe the practice of buying and selling agricultural products between farmers, middlemen, and retail traders. The purpose of this study is to find out how Islamic law views the fluctuations in prices of agricultural products in terms of buying and selling in Islam and fair prices according to Islam. The theories are analyzed whether the price fluctuations in agricultural products that occur in the Ngablak Agribusiness Sub-Terminal Market is included in the trade that meets the requirements and guidelines or not, and is included in the trade of fāsid or bātil. The method for analyzing is the inductive method, which is a way of thinking in which a general conclusion is drawn from various individual cases related to the price fluctuations. Based on the analysis of the trade according to Islamic law on the practice of price fluctuations in agricultural products in the Ngablak agribusiness sub-terminal market, it can be concluded that the practice of price fluctuations is very fast with significant price rises or falls. The most disadvantaged party is the farmer so that when the farmer surrenders the vegetable products that have been bought by the middleman there is an element of compulsion. Buying and selling that contains an element of compulsion is a buying and selling of a fāsid or damaged and violates the principle of justice. In addition, in the field also found the practice of siyāsah al-igrāq or slamming prices. But in this case, the slamming price does not include the buying and selling prohibited by Islamic law