Simulating ribcage biomechanics: A subject specific finite element model of an experimental sheep model

The sternum and ribs play a significant role in providing stiffness to the thoracolumbar spine, however, the relative mechanical contribution of the ribs and intercostal soft tissue connections is less clear. In a prior biomechanical study from our group, the contribution of the sternum, ribs and intercostal soft tissues in influencing spinal stiffness was measured. Using these biomechanical data, the current computational study sought to develop a validated representation of ribcage mechanics, using an established workflow for creating subject specific finite element (FE) models of the thoracolumbar spine with ribcage. This study has highlighted the importance of accurately replicating both the anatomy and mechanical nature of osseous and soft tissue structures in the ribcage, particularly if models are to provide useful insight into spinal pathologies, injuries or surgery which involve disruption to the intercostal soft tissues