Large Scale Fading Characteristics for Vehicle-to-Cyclist Channel in Urban Environment at 5 GHz

Vehicle-to-vulnerable road users (V2VRU) communication provides 360 degree of awareness for both vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRUs). A realistic and accurate channel model for V2VRU in critical accidents scenarios is of great importance for developing reliable V2VRU communication systems. This paper presents a large scale fading characterization based on a wideband channel measurement campaign in urban environment considering a collision scenario between a vehicle and a cyclist. A dual-slope path loss model is proposed, and a zero-mean Gaussian distribution is found to best fit the shadow fading. Additionally, for more realistic system-level simulations, the spatial correlation of shadow fading are calculated. The underlying correlation is captured by using 2-dimensional spatially correlated shadow fading maps. Index Terms—V2VRU communication, vulnerable road users, cyclist, path loss, shadow fading, spatial correlation