Acute Myeloid Leukemia Presenting as Granulocytic Sarcoma (Chloroma) of the Tongue: A Case Report

Chloroma or Granulocytic Sarcoma or Myeloid Sarcoma or Myeloblastoma is a tumor composed of immature myeloid precursor cells or blasts. It is an extra medullary manifestation of AML, which is extremely rare but well documented. It can herald, follow or occur with a diagnosis of primary AML. It can also be seen in relapse [1]. The usual sites of involvement are skin, soft tissue and lymph nodes. Intra oral myeloid sarcoma is infrequent and particularly chloroma in the tongue is further uncommon. A thorough review of literature yielded only three reported cases of chloroma of the tongue [2-4]. In this case report, we describe a case of a 36-year-old female who presented with two weeks of dysphagia due to a large tongue lesion accompanied by pancytopenia. The tongue lesion was strongly suspicious of a chloroma. Bone marrow biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of AML and a resolution of the chloroma was observed with induction chemotherapy for AML